The field of mathematics known as arithmetic focuses on the properties of numbers and the fundamental mathematical operations performed on them, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, exponentiation, and root extraction. Along with algebra, geometry, and analysis, number theory is one of the four main divisions of contemporary mathematics.
Arithmetic is a significant part of number theory. Before the beginning of the twentieth century, arithmetic and higher arithmetic were synonyms for number theory; nowadays, they are often used to refer to a more general subfield of number theory.
The fundamental building blocks of mathematics are called arithmetic operations. It comprises various mathematical operations, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. These are also known as the operations that are performed in mathematics. In our day-to-day lives, we employ mathematical operations for various purposes, including determining a company’s overall profits and costs, creating a monthly or yearly budget, measuring lengths, and so on.
When calculating the number of questions assigned in homework, the amount of time, and money, the number of chocolates we ate, the number of marks obtained in all subjects, etc., we use them almost constantly throughout the day. For example, we use them when calculating the total number of questions given in homework.
Defining Of Arithmetic Operations
A collection of four fundamental operations that must be carried out to add, subtract, multiply, or divide two or more values is referred to as arithmetic operations. They include the study of numbers, which incorporates the order of operations, which is helpful in all other aspects of mathematics, such as algebra, data processing, and geometry.
Without using the principles of mathematical operations, we will be unable to find a solution to the issue. The four fundamental laws of arithmetic are addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. These rules make up the arithmetic operations.
The following are the basic operations of arithmetic:
- Addition
- Subtraction
- Multiplication
- Division
Addition
Finding or computing the sum of two or more integers requires the fundamental mathematical ability of addition, often referred to as “adding things together” or “putting things together.” It is represented by the plus sign (‘+’). We get a single word whenever we put together two or more integers. During the process of addition, the order of the numbers is irrelevant.
Example:
2 + 2 =4
32 + 99 = 131
985 + 687 = 1672
Subtraction
The mathematics procedure known as subtraction displays the difference that exists between two integers. It is represented by the symbol ‘-‘ in mathematics. The primary goal of the mathematical operation known as “subtraction,” often known as “taking one number away from another number,” is to determine what is remaining after something has been removed from the equation.
Example:
9 – 4 =5
10 – 4 =6
100 – 50 = 50
Multiplication
The third of the four fundamental arithmetic operations is multiplication, which the symbols display style times or display style dots may represent. In addition, multiplying two integers together produces a single number known as the product. The two initial values sometimes referred to as factors in common parlance, are the multiplier and the multiplicand, respectively.
The multiplication process may also be considered a kind of scaling. When you multiply a number by more than one amount, such as x, you are doing the same: gradually moving everything away from 0 until the number 1 itself reaches the spot where x was. A process equivalent to squeezing towards 0 in such a way that one is transferred to the multiplicand is called multiplication by a number less than 1.
From a different perspective, multiplying integer numbers may be interpreted as a series of successive additions. This interpretation can also be extended to rationals, although it is challenging to apply to real numbers. For example, the result of multiplying three by four, which can also be written as three times four, is the same as the result of multiplying four by three. Many individuals have various points of view on the positive aspects of using these techniques in mathematics education.
Example:
9 * 8 = 72
4 * 3 = 12
5 * 5 = 25
Division
Splitting anything into equal pieces or groups is referred to as division. It is one of the four basic but essential operations in mathematics that, when performed correctly, results in a fair and equitable distribution.
The process of division is the opposite of multiplication. Multiplying two sets of three pencils each yield a total of six pencils in the case of multiplication, but dividing six into two equal groups results in a total of three pencils in each set for division purposes. Therefore, we may express this as six divided by 2, equaling three.
10 ÷ 5 = 2
20 ÷ 4 = 5
50 ÷ 2 = 25